The regulatory scaffolding is finally in place — now the question turns practical: where do hydrogen and its derivatives actually earn their place in industry? With the Renewable Hydrogen Association, this panel moves past the hype to the real applications, from green ammonia and methanol for chemicals to e-fuels for aviation.

• RED III now requires 42% of industrial hydrogen to be RFNBO by 2030 (60% by 2035). The rules are set, so where does hydrogen make sense first, and where is it still a distraction?
• For chemical plants, ammonia and methanol matter as much as power. How do green ammonia (a market set to hit $6.1bn by 2030) and green methanol reshape feedstock and energy strategy?
• The EU wants 40 GW of electrolysers and 10 Mt of renewable hydrogen by 2030, yet production still costs $4.5–6.5/kg. What closes the gap to the $2.5–4/kg that makes industrial hydrogen viable?